{"id":9733,"date":"2019-02-18T01:29:27","date_gmt":"2019-02-18T01:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/?p=9733"},"modified":"2019-07-05T01:37:44","modified_gmt":"2019-07-05T01:37:44","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e6%81%92%e6%b2%b3%e5%a4%a7%e6%89%8b%e5%8d%b0%e3%80%8d%e7%b2%be%e8%8f%af%e7%af%80%e8%ad%af-%e4%b8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/?p=9733","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u300d\u7cbe\u83ef\u7bc0\u8b6f (\u4e00)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e00\u3001\u524d\u8a00<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5bb6\u4fe1\u5b9a\u5e2b\u59d0\u7684\u5802\u59b9\u9e97\u79cb\u5e2b\u59d0\uff0c\u662f\u4f4d\u4e45\u4fee\u5bc6\u5b97\u7684\u8654\u8aa0\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002\u8499\u5979\u8d08\u9001\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u6240\u8457\u7cbe\u7f8e\u5c0f\u518a: \u201c\u7565\u8ad6\u660e\u5fc3\u898b\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u5c0d\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u6709\u6240\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u5bc6\u5b97\uff0c\u537b\u4e00\u76f4\u6c92\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002\u8fd1\u65e5\u56e0\u7de3\u6642\u6a5f\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u88ab\u5f15\u5c0e\u89c0\u53bb\u770b\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u7684 \u201c<span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370<\/span>\u201d \u3002\u8b1b\u89e3\u9813\u609f\u898b\u6027\u7684\u56db\u5927\u79d8\u8a23(\u201c<span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u898b\u5b9a\u884c\u679c<\/span>\u201d)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u609f\u5f8c\u8d77\u4fee\uff0c\u7121\u529f\u7528\u9053\uff0c\u65b7\u9664\u7fd2\u6c23\u3002\u6b64\u66f8\u985e\u4f3c\u79aa\u5b97\u7684\u9813\u609f\u6cd5\u9580\u53ca\u609f\u5f8c\u8d77\u4fee\uff0c\u4e5f\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u5c0f\u672c\u7684\u83ef\u56b4\u7d93\u7684\u201d<span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u4fe1\u89e3\u884c\u8b49<\/span>\u201d \u53ca\u201d\u5584\u8ca1\u7ae5\u5b50\u4e94\u5341\u4e09\u53c3\u201d\u7684\u609f\u5f8c\u6b77\u4e8b\u7149\u5fc3\u3002\u6b64\u66f8\u6240\u6559\u5c0e\uff0c\u662f\u5bc6\u5b97\u7684\u6700\u4e0a\u4e58\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9726\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g1-148x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"80\" height=\"81\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g3.jpg\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9728\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g3-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g2.jpg\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9727\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"78\" height=\"78\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>\u6b64\u6587\u662f\u4fe1\u5805\u4f9d\u64da\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/book.bfnn.org\/article\/0383.htm\">\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370<\/a>&#8221; \u4e00\u66f8\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u5341\u4e03\u8b1b\uff0c\u7d04\u4e09\u767e\u9801\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u6fc3\u7e2e\u81f3\u5341\u9801\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u4fee\u6574\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5805\u7684\u8a3b\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u66f8\u7684\u5c0e\u8b80\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u6587\u5c0d\u539f\u66f8\u6709\u6240\u66f2\u89e3\uff0c\u7f6a\u5728\u4fe1\u5805\u3002\u73ed\u9580\u5f04\u65a7\uff0c\u9084\u8acb\u8af8\u5bc6\u5b97\u9ad8\u50e7\u5927\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e0d\u541d\u8cdc\u6559\uff0c\u662f\u5e78\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u91cb\u8ad6\u984c<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.1\u5927\u624b\u5370\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5927\u5fc3\u3001\u672c\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u771f\u6cd5\u754c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u300c\u5927\u300d\u662f\u300c\u5927\u65b9\u5ee3\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u300c\u9ad4\u5927\u3001\u76f8\u5927\u3001\u7528\u5927\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u771f\u5982\u672c\u6027\u7684\u9ad4\u76f8\u7528\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u771f\u5fc3\u3001\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u5927\u800c\u7121\u5916\u3002\u5177\u8db3\u5e38\u3001\u904d\u3002\u5e38\u662f\u6c38 \u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u6642\u9593\u3002\u904d\u662f\u5ee3\u535a\u3001\u5ee3\u5927\uff0c\u5fc3\u5305\u592a\u865b\u3002\u300c\u624b\u300d\u70ba\u5c0a\u7a31\u4f5b\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u8868\u4f5b\u4e4b\u81ea\u89ba\u3001\u89ba\u4ed6\u3001\u89ba\u884c\u5713\u6eff\u4e4b\u4f5b\u679c\u3002\u300c\u5370\u300d\u8005\uff0c\u8868\u68ee\u7f85\u53ca\u842c\u8c61\uff0c\u6d77\u5370\u9813\u73fe\u3002\u6d77\u5370\u662f\u5984\u76e1\u5fc3\u6f84\uff0c\u842c\u76f8\u4e00\u6642\u9813\u73fe\uff0c\u5982\u5370\u5370\u7269\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5148\u5f8c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u9060\u8fd1\u3002[\u5982\u5370\u7ae0\u84cb\u5370\uff0c\u4e00\u84cb\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5370\u7ae0\u4e0a\u7684\u5b57\uff0c\u7d71\u7d71\u73fe\u524d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u524d\u5f8c\u3002] \u5370\u8005\uff0c\u4ea6\u8868\u4f5b\u4e4b\u7121\u5206\u5225\u667a\uff08\u5927\u5713\u93e1\u667a\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u667a\u7336\u5982\u5370\u5951\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8f2a\u56de\u6d85\u69c3\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7121\u4e0d\u4e00\u4e00\u5951\u5408\u65bc\u4f5b\u4e4b\u5982\u5982\u5999\u667a\uff0c\u66f4\u7121\u4e00\u6cd5\u80fd\u903e\u8d8a\u6b64\u667a\u4ee5\u5916\u8005\u3002<!--more--> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.2\u5bc6\u5b97\u5206\u4e5d\u4e58\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u5927\u624b\u5370\u662f\u5bc6\u5b97\u6700\u9ad8\u5c64 (\u7b2c\u4e5d\u4e58) \u7684\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5bc6\u5b97\u5224\u5b9a\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5171\u5206\u4e5d\u4e58\u4fee\u884c\u6b21\u7b2c: \u5916\u4e09\u4e58\u3001\u5167\u4e09\u4e58\u3001\u5bc6\u4e09\u4e58\u3002\u5916\u4e09\u4e58\u662f &#8220;\u8072\u805e\u4e58\u3001\u7de3\u89ba\u4e58\u3001\u83e9\u85a9\u4e58&#8221;\uff0c\u6240\u884c\u4e4b\u56db\u8ae6\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\u56e0\u7de3\u3001\u516d\u5ea6\u842c\u884c\u7b49\u6cd5\u3002\u5167\u4e09\u4e58\u662f\u6307\u5bc6\u5b97 &#8220;\u4f5c\u90e8\u3001\u884c\u90e8\u3001\u745c\u4f3d\u90e8&#8221;\u4e09\u90e8\u4fee\u6cd5\u3002&#8221;\u4f5c\u90e8&#8221; \u662f\u300c\u5148\u4ee5\u6b32\u9264\u727d\uff0c\u5f8c\u4ee4\u5165\u4f5b\u667a\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u63a5\u5f15\u6cd5\u3002&#8221;\u884c\u90e8&#8221; \u9032\u5165\u4e86\u5be6\u4fee\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e86\u751f\u6b7b\u3001\u51fa\u82e6\u6d77\u3002\u5f9e\u89c0\u60f3\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4fee\u6c23\u3001\u8108\u3001\u660e\u9ede\u7b49\u6cd5\u3002&#8221;\u745c\u4f3d (\u76f8\u61c9) \u90e8&#8221;\u7684\u4fee\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8b\u8207\u7406\u3001\u8a00\u8207\u884c\u76f8\u61c9\uff0c\u4e0a\u8207\u8af8\u4f5b\u3001\u4e0b\u8207\u773e\u751f\u76f8\u61c9\u3002\u5bc6\u4e09\u4e58\u662f\u561b\u54c8\uff08\u6469\u8a36\uff09\u745c\u4f3d\u3001\u963f\u52aa\u745c\u4f3d\u3001\u963f\u5e95\u745c\u4f3d\u3002\u561b\u54c8\u745c\u4f3d\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u76f8\u61c9\uff0c\u5c07\u89c0\u6210\u7684\u6c23\u8108\u7b49\u6709\u76f8\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5316\u7a7a\uff0c\u4ee5\u8207\u7121\u76f8\u7684\u6cd5\u8eab\u76f8\u61c9\u3002\u963f\u52aa\u745c\u4f3d\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u7121\u4e0a\u5713\u6eff\u76f8\u61c9\uff0c\u4ee5\u754c\u667a\u70ba\u8da3\u5165\u9580\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u628a\u7a2e\u7a2e\u986f\u73fe\u90fd\u5316\u70ba\u4e00\u5be6\u76f8\u3002\u963f\u5e95\u745c\u4f3d\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u7121\u6bd4\u5713\u6eff\u76f8\u61c9\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5408\u4e09\u4e58\u70ba\u4e00\u5927\u5bc6\u5492\u4e58\u3002\u5927\u624b\u5370\u6709\u6578\u7a2e\uff0c<span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u6700\u4e0a\u4e58\u4e4b\u5927\u624b\u5370\uff0c\u5373\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370<\/span>\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5bc6\u5b97\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ad8\u5c64\u6b21\u4fee\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fee\u800c\u4fee\uff0c\u4fee\u5373\u7121\u4fee\uff0c\u8a00\u8a9e\u9053\u65b7\uff0c\u5fc3\u884c\u8655\u6ec5\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u5ff5\u4e0d\u751f\u800c\u4e86\u4e86\u5206\u660e\u8655\uff0c\u609f\u7169\u60f1\u5373\u662f\u83e9\u63d0\uff0c\u5984\u5ff5\u5373\u662f\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u7a7a\u6709\u4e0d\u4e8c\uff0c\u9ad4\u7528\u4e00\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u662f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.3 &#8220;\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370&#8221; \u7684\u672c\u6e90<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.3.1\u6046\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370 \u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u91d1\u525b\u980c<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6046\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370[The Ganges: The Pith (\u9aa8\u9ad3\u3001\u6838\u5fc3) Instructions on the Great Seal]\uff0c\u662f\u5e1d\u6d1b\u5df4\u5c0a\u8005\u793a\u65bc\u90a3\u6d1b\u5df4[Advice to Naropa by Mahasiddha Tilopa] \u7684\u6559\u5c0e\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9730\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g5-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9729\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g4-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"102\" height=\"102\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u7684\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u8005 &#8220;\u5e1d\u6d1b\u5df4&#8221; (Tilopa, 988-1069) \u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6046\u6cb3\u908a\uff0c\u5c07\u4fee\u6301\u53e3\u8a23\u300a\u6046\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u300b\u2014\u3008\u5927\u624b\u5370\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u91d1\u525b\u980c\u3009\u50b3\u7d66\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u5b50 &#8220;\u90a3\u6d1b\u5df4&#8221; (Naropa, ?(1016)-1100)\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u90a3\u6d1b\u5df4\u50b3\u7d66\u897f\u85cf\u5927\u8b6f\u5e2b\u99ac\u723e\u5df4\uff0c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5927\u624b\u5370\u6cd5\u6559\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u5f18\u50b3\u7684\u6e90\u982d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u90a3\u6d1b\u5df4\u5927\u5e2b\u8ddf\u8457\u4ed6\u5b78\u5927\u624b\u5370\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u4e0a\u5e2b\u52a0\u6301\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u5c0f\u82e6\u884c\u3001\u5341\u4e8c\u5927\u82e6\u884c\uff0c\u5fc3\u6027\u5df2\u7d93\u5f88\u8abf\u67d4\u6210\u719f\u4e86\uff0c\u6642\u5019\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u5e1d\u6d1b\u5df4\u5927\u5e2b\u5c31\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5531\u4e86\u300a\u5927\u624b\u5370\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u91d1\u525b\u980c\u300b\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u5f8c\u4e16\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u300a\u6046\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u300b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.3.2\u6046\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370 &#8220;\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u91d1\u525b\u980c&#8221; \u5676\u8209\u300a\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u76f4\u8b1b\u300b<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u65e9\u671f\u8b1b\u89e3 &#8220;\u6046\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370&#8221;\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6b64\u8ca2\u5676\u6d3b\u4f5b (1893-1957) \u7684 &#8220;\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u91d1\u525b\u980c&#8221;\u76f4\u8b1b\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u8ca2\u5676\u6d3b\u4f5b\u662f\u5eb7\u85cf\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5676\u8209\u6d3e (\u767d\u6559) \u5927\u5fb7\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u5676\u746a\u5df4\u6d3b\u4f5b\u7684\u4e0a\u5e2b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u50b3\u627f\u5676\u8209\u548c\u5be7\u746a\u6d3e\uff08\u7d05\u6559\uff09\u5169\u7cfb\u6559\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g6.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9731\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g6-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g7.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9732\" src=\"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/g7-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"101\" height=\"101\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.4\u6b64\u6587\u6240\u8b1b\u89e3\u7684 &#8220;\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370&#8221;\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba (\u674e\u937e\u9f0e) \u6240\u8457\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.4.1 \u6b64\u66f8\u5167\u5bb9<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u6b64\u66f8\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u5341\u4e03\u8b1b\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u6b64\u66f8\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u8d77\u5b83\u6240\u4f9d\u64da &#8220;\u8ad6\u6587&#8221; \u7684\u51fa\u8655\u6216\u7de3\u8d77\u3002\u53ea\u4f9d\u5176 &#8220;\u5167\u5b9a&#8221; \u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u6709\u689d\u7406\u7684\u8b1b\u89e3\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u4fe1\u5805\u80e1\u4e82\u731c\u6e2c\uff0c\u6b64\u66f8\u662f\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u7d9c\u5408\u524d\u4eba\u6709\u95dc &#8220;\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370&#8221; \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6559\u5c0e\u8207\u89e3\u8aaa\uff0c\u6240\u8b1b\u7684\u6700\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u6700\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u77ad\u7684\u89e3\u8aaa\u3002\u4e0d\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6b64\u66f8\u7684\u5341\u4e03\u8b1b\uff0c\u662f\u4fe1\u5805\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u7d9c\u5408\u5bc6\u5b97\u53ca\u79aa\u5b97\uff0c\u5c0d\u5bc6\u6559\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u6700\u6dfa\u986f\u3001\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u8b1b\u89e3\u3002\u4f9d\u4fe1\u5805\u500b\u4eba\u6dfa\u898b\uff0c\u6a19\u984c\u4ea6\u53ef\u6539\u70ba &#8220;\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u6559\u5c0e\u5982\u4f55\u9813\u609f\u898b\u6027\u53ca\u609f\u5f8c\u8d77\u4fee&#8221;\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u6b64\u66f8\u53cd\u8986\u53ee\u5680\uff0c\u548c\u76e4\u6258\u51fa\uff0c\u751f\u52d5\u6d3b\u6f51\uff0c\u89f8\u985e\u65c1\u901a\uff0c\u78ba\u662f\u5ea6\u751f\u7684\u5bf6\u7b4f\uff0c\u6210\u4f5b\u7684\u8981\u8a23\u3002\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u548c\u79aa\u5b97\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u662f\u8b1b\u7121\u4fee\u3001\u7121\u5f97\u3001\u7121\u8b49\uff0c\u76f4\u6307\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u898b\u6027\u6210\u4f5b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.4.2 \u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u50b3\u6388\u7684\u300a\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u300b\u7684\u539f\u6587\u51fa\u8655\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u64da\u7db2\u8def\u8003\u64da\u63a8\u6e2c\uff0c\u6b64\u66f8\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u51fa\u8655\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u662f\u8ca2\u560e\u4e0a\u5e2b\uff08\u5df4\u73e0\u4ec1\u6ce2\u5207\uff09\u7684\u300a\u690e\u64ca\u4e09\u8981\u8a23\u52dd\u6cd5\u89e3\u300b\uff0c\u9019\u5360\u4e86\u6bcd\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u8b1b\u6cd5\u539f\u6587\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u300a\u690e\u64ca\u4e09\u8981\u8a23\u300b\u662f\u5df4\u73e0\u4ec1\u6ce2\u5207\u8457\uff0c\u8ca2\u560e\u4e0a\u5e2b\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u8b1b\u89e3\uff0c\u6bcd\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u5c07\u8ca2\u560e\u4e0a\u5e2b\u7684\u8b1b\u7fa9\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u95e1\u8ff0\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u8ca2\u560e\u4e0a\u5e2b\u7684\u300a\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u8b1b\u7fa9\u300b\uff0c\u9019\u5360\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u5982\u8a72\u66f8\u7684\u300c\u6545\u6b64\u6bb5\u4e4b\u5f8c\u516b\u53e5\u4e8c\u980c\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u793a\u4e09\u9580\u4e4b\u4fee\u6cd5\u4e5f\u3002\u6bcd\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u50b3\u6388\u7684\u300a\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u300b\u7684\u539f\u6587\u51fa\u8655\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u8ca2\u560e\u4e0a\u5e2b\u8b1b\u89e3\uff0c\u4e26\u50b3\u7d66\u6bcd\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>2.4.3\u3001\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\u7565\u50b3<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5143\u97f3\u8001\u4eba\uff08\u674e\u937e\u9f0e, 1905-2000)\uff0c\u662f\u7121\u76f8\u5bc6\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6cd5\u4e09\u7956\u6bcd\u97f3\u5927\u963f\u95cd\u9ece\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u5927\u5fb7\u3001\u4e00\u4ee3\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6cd5\u7684\u5de8\u5320\u3002\u4ee594\u6b72\u7684\u9ad8\u9f61\uff0c\u8b1b\u7d93\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8457\u66f8\u7acb\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u907a\u9918\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u66f8\u662f\u5ea6\u751f\u7684\u5bf6\u7b4f\uff0c\u6210\u4f5b\u7684\u8981\u8a23\u3002\u5185\u79d8\u83e9\u85a9\u884c\u3000\u5916\u73fe\u5c45\u58eb\u8eab\uff0c\u5b8f\u6cd5\u56db\u5341\u9918\u5e74\u3000\u4f4f\u4e16\u4e5d\u5341\u6709\u516d\u3002\u68c4\u7d55\u540d\u5229\uff0c\u878d\u901a\u6de8\u5bc6\uff0c\u96a8\u6a5f\u65bd\u6559\uff0c\u9ed8\u9ed8\u8015\u8018\uff0c\u6bc0\u8b7d\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001&#8221;\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370 &#8220;\u7cbe\u83ef\u7bc0\u8b6f<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.1\u300c\u61c9\u77e5\u50b3\u627f\u8af8\u4e0a\u5e2b\uff0c\u8207\u6211\u5fc3\u7121\u5225\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5fc3 (\u4f5b\u6027) \u90fd\u8207\u6b77\u4ee3\u7956\u5e2b (\u4f5b)\u6c92\u6709\u5206\u5225\u3002\u6027\u9ad4\u4e0d\u57a2\u4e0d\u6de8\uff0c\u4e0d\u589e\u4e0d\u6e1b\u3002\u4f46\u56e0\u70ba\u7c98\u8457\u4e8b\u7269\u5047\u50cf\uff0c\u985b\u5012\u5984\u60f3\uff0c\u73b7\u6c61\u4e86\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u592a\u967d\u88ab\u70cf\u96f2\u906e\u84cb\u4e86\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u967d\u5149\u4e0d\u80fd\u986f\u9732\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u767c\u63ee\u795e\u7528\u3002\u96f2\u958b\u9727\u6563 (\u660e\u5fc3\u898b\u6027) \u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u7684\u842c\u4e08\u5149\u8292\u5c31\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u3002(\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u7d93\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\u7686\u6709\u5982\u4f86\u667a\u6167\u5fb7\u76f8\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u5984\u60f3\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8b49\u5f97\u300d)\u3002\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u6210\u4f5b\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u4f9d\u6b64\u66f8\u7684 &#8220;\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c&#8221; \u6559\u5c0e\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u9813\u609f\u6210\u4f5b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2 \u9813\u609f\u6cd5\u9580: \u300c\u898b\u5b9a\u884c\u4e09\u8981\uff0c\u70ba\u65b7\u60d1\u5984\u4e4b\u547d\u6839\u3001\u70ba\u76f4\u6307\u81ea\u5fc3\u5be6\u969b\u4e4b\u6cd5\u9580\u300d\u3002\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u4e58\u4e4b\u9802\u5c16\uff0c\u6545\u66f0\u8af8\u4f5b\u4e4b\u6bcd\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u81ea\u6027\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u660e\u5fc3\u898b\u6027\uff0c\u8b49\u6210\u4f5b\u679c\u3002\u300c\u81ea\u6027\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u4e4b<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\u3001\u679c<\/span>\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u6027\u5927\u5713\u6eff\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u56db\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u300c\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\u4e09\u8981\u4e4b\u884c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee4\u5fc3\u5ff5\u5ff5\u5728\u89ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u96e2\u4e00\u5be6\u76f8\u5370\uff0c\u662f\u4e09\u4e16\u4f5b\u4e4b\u5bc6\u610f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u77e5\u898b\u6b63\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7528\u529f\u592b\u4fee\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u6642\u6642\u935b\u7149\uff0c\u8eab\u5982\u9808\u5f4c\u5c71\u4e0d\u52d5\uff0c\u5fc3\u5bc2\u975c\u5982\u6c88\u6c34\u4e0d\u9f13\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u79aa\u5b9a\uff0c\u6253\u958b\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u8b49\u898b\u672c\u6027\u3002\u8b58\u5f97\u672c\u6027\u5f8c\uff0c\u8981\u52e4\u65bc\u89c0\u7167\uff0c\u7dbf\u5bc6\u4fdd\u4efb\uff0c\u5916\u4e0d\u88ab\u5883\u727d\uff0c\u5167\u4e0d\u96a8\u5ff5\u8f49\uff0c\u4e0d\u8457\u76f8\u3001\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5883\uff0c\u6b77\u5883\u7df4\u5fc3\uff0c\u6d88\u76e1\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u771f\u5fc3\u5c31\u653e\u5927\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u6717\u7167\u5341\u65b9\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5984\u5fc3\u3001\u5984\u60f3\u3001\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u7686\u5316\u70ba\u4f5b\u6027\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300c\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\u4e09\u8981\u300d\uff0c\u5148\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5f9e\u672c\u9ad4\u8d77\u4fee\u3002<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\u8b58\u5f97\u5984\u5ff5\u8207\u7169\u60f1\u6b63\u662f\u672c\u9ad4\u7684\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u8ddf\u5b83\u8dd1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u58d3\u5236\u5b83\uff0c\u8b93\u5b83\u81ea\u8d77\u81ea\u6ec5\u3001\u8d77\u6ec5\u96a8\u7121\u3002\u53ea\u9808\u8a8d\u5f97\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u651d\u6b78\u672c\u9ad4\u3002\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u884c\u6301\u9019\u500b\u300c\u7121\u5931\u8981\u9053\u300d<\/span>\uff0c\u300c\u5be6\u4e5d\u4e58\u4e4b\u5dd4\u9802\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4e58\u4e4b\u9802\u5c16\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\u4e09\u8005\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u958b\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u878d\u70ba\u4e00\u9ad4\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u898b\u300d\u6b63\u78ba\u4e86\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u624d\u66c9\u5f97\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u7121\u51fa\u7121\u5165\u7684\u5927\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u81f3\u65bc\u843d\u5165\u6b7b\u5b9a\uff1b\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u6a23\u4fee\u300c\u7121\u529f\u7528\u300d\u884c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d70\u5f4e\u8def\uff0c\u800c\u76f4\u8da8\u771f\u5982\uff0c\u898b\u6027\u6210\u4f5b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2.1\u300c\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u6301\uff0c\u7686\u651d\u65bc\u5fc3\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\u4e09\u8981\u7d20\u662f\u5927\u624b\u5370\u7684\u4e09\u500b\u79d8\u8a23\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u5fc3\u5730\u6cd5\u9580\u4fee\u6301\u6cd5\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u6301\u7686\u651d\u65bc\u5fc3\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u5305\u85cf\u542b\u651d\u3002\u7d93\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u4e09\u754c\u552f\u5fc3\uff0c\u842c\u6cd5\u552f\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u4e91:\u300c\u7121\u4e0d\u5f9e\u6b64\u6cd5\u754c\u6d41\uff0c\u7121\u4e0d\u6b78\u9084\u6b64\u6cd5\u754c\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2.2\u300c\u898b\u8005\uff0c\u4e86\u77e5\u4e00\u771f\u6cd5\u754c\uff0c\u6cd5\u723e\u5982\u4f86\u85cf\u5fc3\uff0c\u7121\u91cf\u986f\u73fe\u67d3\u6de8\u8af8\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u8db3\u6cd5\u723e\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\u7fa9\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u901a\u904e\u5984\u5ff5\u7684\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8a8d\u8b58\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u53eb\u300c\u898b\u300d\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u771f\u5fc3\u76f8\u8c8c \uff0c\u4e86\u77e5\u300c\u6211\u3001\u4eba\u3001\u773e\u751f\u3001\u58fd\u8005\u300d\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u90fd\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u8569\u7136\u7121\u4f4f\uff0c\u842c\u6cd5\u7686\u7a7a\u3002\u540c\u6642\u9084\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u771f\u5fc3\u662f\u5999\u7528\u7121\u908a\uff0c\u5984\u5ff5\u8207\u7169\u60f1\u90fd\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002\u4f9d\u300c\u5984\u5ff5\u7de3\u5883\u3001\u5ff5\u4e4b\u96a8\u8d77\u300d\u800c\u89c0\u5bdf\u81ea\u5fc3\u672c\u76f8\u3002\u4f9d\u7167\u5984\u5ff5\u7de3\u5883\u7684\u7de3\u8d77\uff0c\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u81ea\u5fc3\u672c\u76f8\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u898b\u6ce2\u6d6a\u5373\u662f\u898b\u5230\u6c34\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u300c\u89c0\u5bdf\u8a8d\u77e5\u6cd5\u8eab\u81ea\u76f8\u300d\u3002[\u6cd5\u8eab\u7121\u76f8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5883\u754c\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u771f\u5fc3\u7de3\u5883\u754c\u5c31\u6703\u8d77\u73fe\u5984\u5ff5\u3002\u901a\u904e\u8d77\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u8b49\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a8d\u77e5\u6cd5\u8eab\u7121\u76f8\u7684\u81ea\u76f8\u3002]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u898b\u6027\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u61c9\u662f\u7121\u4fee\u7121\u5f97\u7121\u8b49\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7fd2\u6c23\u672a\u4e86\uff0c\u898b\u5883\u9084\u8981\u52d5\u5fc3\u3002\u6210\u4f5b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f5b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u7121\u4fee\u7121\u5f97\u7121\u8b49\u3002\u7121\u4fee\u4e4b\u4fee\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u6642\u6642\u89c0\u7167\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u5177\u6b63\u898b\u6b63\u5b9a\u8005\uff0c\u5951\u5408\u8af8\u4f5b\u751f\u4e4b\u82d7\u82bd\uff0c\u5373\u83e9\u85a9\u884c\u8da3\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u4fee\u884c\u8981 &#8220;\u77e5\u898b\u6b63&#8221;\u3002\u300c\u56e0\u5730\u4e0d\u6b63\uff0c\u679c\u906d\u8fc2\u66f2\u3002\u300d\u8981\u6210\u4f5b\u5f97\u9053\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u958b\u767c\u667a\u6167\u3001\u5713\u8b49\u83e9\u63d0\u3002\u5c0d\u5883\u4e0d\u8ff7\u60d1\u624d\u70ba\u771f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c0d\u4efb\u4f55\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5fc3\u90fd\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\uff0c\u4e0d\u70ba\u4e4b\u8ff7\u5012\u3001\u60d1\u4e82\uff0c\u624d\u53eb\u5927\u5b9a\u3002\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u6b63\u898b\u3001\u6b63\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u83e9\u63d0\u4e4b\u82bd\u767c\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u5c07\u4f86\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u8301\u58ef\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u6210\u679c\u5730\u4f5b\u3002\u56e0\u6b63\u679c\u6b63\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u83e9\u85a9\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2.3\u300c\u878d\u5984\u5ff5\u70ba\u6cd5\u8eab\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u719f\u8b58\u6cd5\u8eab\u3002\u65bc\u5ff5\u6ec5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5805\u56fa\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c(\u5b9a)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u300c\u5984\u5ff5\u8207\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u7686\u6cd5\u8eab\u672c\u89ba\u667a\u6167\u76f8\u300d\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u4e00\u5ff5\u56de\u5149\uff0c\u8a8d\u53d6\u6cd5\u8eab\uff0c\u5247\u5984\u5ff5\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5984\u5ff5\u3002\u8a8d\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e0d\u8a8d\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5ff5\u6ec5\u300d\u3002\u82e5\u6642\u6642\u8655\u8655\u8b66\u89ba\uff0c\u5805\u56fa\u5730\u8a8d\u53d6\u6cd5\u8eab\uff0c\u5247\u7576\u5ff5\u4fbf\u662f\u7121\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5ff5\u7121\u9023\u7e8c\uff0c\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e4b\u898b\u4e0d\u5fd8\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u5ff5\u65b7\u8655\uff0c\u5728\u5984\u5ff5\u505c\u6b47\u7684\u6642\u5019\u3002\u5805\u56fa\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5fc3\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\uff0c\u5b89\u7136\u5165\u5b9a\u3002\u4e00\u5ff5\u4e0d\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u6b62\u300d\uff1b\u4e86\u4e86\u5206\u660e\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u89c0\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2.4\u300c\u884c\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u6301\uff0c\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u9020\u4f5c\u3002\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u5229\u4ed6\u516d\u5ea6\u842c\u884c\uff0c\u65b9\u70ba\u5584\u6a5f\u884c\u8005\u3002\u5ff5\u7121\u9023\u7e8c\uff0c\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e4b\u898b\u4e0d\u5fd8\u3002\u300d\uff08\u884c\uff09<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5927\u4e58\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5229\u4ed6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b78\u4f5b\u9808\u5b78\u5927\u4e58\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u6551\u5ea6\u773e\u751f\u800c\u5b78\u4f5b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u96e2\u958b\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4f5b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u96e2\u958b\u773e\u751f\u3002\u8981\u7834\u898b\u3001\u601d\u3001\u5875\u6c99\u548c\u7121\u660e\u7b49\u56db\u7a2e\u60d1\u3002\u5875\u6c99\u60d1\uff0c\u662f\u898b\u3001\u601d\u4e8c\u60d1\u5f8c\u7684\u5fae\u7d30\u60d1\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5fae\u7d30\u7169\u60f1\u7fd2\u6c23\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u591a\u5f97\u50cf\u6ce5\u6c99\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7d30\u5fae\u5982\u7070\u5875\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u8981\u7834\u5b83\uff0c\u5c07\u5b83\u6383\u6de8\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5728\u5ea6\u773e\u751f\u4efd\u4e0a\u78e8\u7df4\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u773e\u751f\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u7fd2\u6c23\u5404\u5404\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u5ea6\u4ed6\u5c31\u9808\u6368\u5df1\u5f9e\u4eba\uff0c\u96a8\u9806\u4ed6\u3001\u63a5\u8fd1\u4ed6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f15\u4ed6\u5165\u9580\u3002\u8981\u505a\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5148\u8981\u628a\u7fd2\u6c23\u6383\u5149\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u773e\u751f\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3001\u813e\u6c23\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u80fd\u9069\u61c9\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5c0d\u6a5f\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u89c0\u5fae\u7d30\u7fd2\u6c23\u624d\u6d88\u76e1\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5fc3\u91cf\u624d\u5ee3\u95ca\uff0c\u5875\u6c99\u60d1\u624d\u80fd\u65b7\uff0c\u667a\u6167\u624d\u80fd\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5875\u6c99\u60d1\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5728\u5ea6\u773e\u751f\u4e2d\u624d\u80fd\u4e86\uff0c\u667a\u6167\u4e0d\u653e\u5728\u5ea6\u773e\u751f\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e0d\u80fd\u5713\u6eff\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u5984\u5ff5\u662f\u6cd5\u8eab\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u6ce2\u6d6a\u8207\u6c34\u3002\u5984\u5ff5\u5118\u7ba1\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u90fd\u662f\u6cd5\u8eab\u7684\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u7406\u4e0d\u776c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5883\u3001\u4e0d\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u6642\u6642\u8655\u8655\u9019\u6a23\u89c0\u7167\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5c31\u719f\u8b58\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300a\u91d1\u525b\u7d93\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u61c9\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u300d\u3002\u300c\u61c9\u300d\u662f\u6307\u61c9\u4e8b\u3001\u61c9\u7269\u3001\u61c9\u842c\u6a5f\u3002\u4eba\u4f86\u5ba2\u5f80\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u8981\u9806\u61c9\uff0c\u96e3\u514d\u8981\u8d77\u5fc3\u52d5\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u662f\u672c\u6027\u7684\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u4f4f\u8457\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ddf\u5ff5\u8dd1\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b63\u8d77\u5ff5\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u898b\u6709\u5ff5\u53ef\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u53eb\u5805\u56fa\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5229\u7528\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f85\u4eba\u63a5\u7269\uff0c\u8655\u7406\u65e5\u5e38\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8ddf\u8457\u5984\u5ff5\u8dd1\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u771f\u5fc3\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u4f4f\u4e0d\u96a8\uff0c\u4e0d\u52d5\u4e0d\u6416\u3002\u5ff5\u7121\u9023\u7e8c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u5984\u5ff5\u9023\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\uff0c\u6500\u7de3\u4e0d\u606f\u3002\u5984\u5ff5\u7d1b\u98db\u4e0d\u505c\u606f\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u8981\u51dc\u7136\u4e00\u89ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u53bb\u776c\u5b83\uff0c\u5984\u5ff5\u5c31\u65b7\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2.5\u300c\u6cd5\u8eab\u4e4b\u898b\u4e0d\u5fd8\u3002\u5fc3\u6ce8\u773c\uff0c\u773c\u6ce8\u7a7a\uff0c\u70ba\u4e00\u5207\u8981\u4e2d\u8981\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6642\u6642\u8655\u8655\u8b66\u89ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8a18\u6cd5\u8eab\u3002\u4f5c\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u5fc3\u8981\u8b66\u89ba\uff0c\u5fc3\u770b\u8457\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u773c\u775b\u770b\u8457\u7a7a\uff0c\u5373\u5fc3\u773c\u89c0\u7a7a\u3002\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u7a7a\u6389\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\u3002\u770b\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u6771\u897f\u90fd\u4e0d\u639b\u5728\u5fc3\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b49\u65bc\u6c92\u6709\u770b\u5230\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u898b\u800c\u7121\u6240\u898b\uff0c\u300c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u898b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u805e\uff0c\u4e86\u4e86\u89ba\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8457\u898b\u805e\u3002\u300d\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u5fc3\u8981\u4e2d\u7684\u5fc3\u8981\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5927\u624b\u5370\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u771f\u6cd5\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5999\u660e\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u300c\u4e0d\u4fee\u4e0d\u6574\u4e0d\u6563\u4e82\u300d\uff0c\u7576\u4e0b\u8a8d\u8b58\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u771f\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8ddf\u5883\u754c\u8dd1\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5bc6\u5b97\u6700\u4e0a\u4e58\u7684\u6cd5\u9580\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5999\u660e\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u89ba\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u4f86\u7121\u76f8\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u7121\u4f4f\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002\u5b83\u904d\u865b\u7a7a\u3001\u6eff\u6cd5\u754c\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u6563\u4e82\uff0c\u5e38\u6052\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u505a\u4fdd\u4efb\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u5373\u5b88\u8b77\u81ea\u5fc3\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8d77\u4efb\u4f55\u5c0d\u6cbb\u3001\u53d6\u6368\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u6642\u6642\u8655\u8655\u653e\u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u7a7a\u9748\u7121\u4f4f\uff0c\u65b9\u8207\u771f\u5fc3\u5951\u5408\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u624d\u80fd\u8b49\u6210\u5927\u9053\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u5011\u8981\u6642\u6642\u8655\u8655\u7121\u4f4f\u3001\u7121\u7de3\u3001\u4efb\u904b\uff0c\u8207\u81ea\u6027\u5fc3\u6de8\u672c\u9ad4\u4e0d\u76f8\u9055\u8d8a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u624b\u57f7\u660e\u71c8\uff0c\u7167\u7834\u9ed1\u6697\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u7121\u4f4f\u8005\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u57f7\u8457\uff1b\u7121\u7de3\u8005\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6500\u7de3\uff1b\u4efb\u904b\u8005\uff0c\u96a8\u9806\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u61c9\u56e0\u7de3\u800c\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u96a8\u8457\u7de3\u8d77\u800c\u52d5\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9762\u5c0d\u5883\u754c\u4e0d\u8981\u52d5\u5fc3\u3002\u300c\u585e\u7fc1\u5931\u99ac\uff0c\u7109\u77e5\u975e\u798f\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u798f\u516e\u798d\u6240\u501a\uff0c\u798d\u516e\u798f\u6240\u4f0f\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u6c38\u96e2\u5206\u5225\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u8005\uff0c\u4e43\u80fd\u898b\u5fb9\u4e09\u85cf\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u6559\u7fa9\u771f\u8ae6\u3001\u800c\u7121\u9918\u4e5f\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u8655\u90fd\u7121\u5206\u5225\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u8b02\u4e4b\u300c\u6c38\u96e2\u300d\u3002\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8caa\u8457\u3001\u610f\u4e0d\u7c98\u6eef\uff0c\u8b02\u4e4b\u300c\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u300d\u3002\u4e26\u975e\u5fc3\u5982\u6b7b\u7070\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d3b\u6f51\u6f51\u5730\u5999\u7528\u73fe\u524d\uff0c\u8b02\u4e4b\u300c\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u300d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u679c\u771f\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u8655\u90fd\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u8457\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u8d77\u9748\u660e\u3001\u6d3b\u6f51\u7684\u5999\u7528\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5fb9\u5e95\u660e\u898b\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u771f\u8ae6\uff0c\u901a\u9054\u7121\u9918\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300c<span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u7121\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4fee\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c0\u5fc3\u70ba\u6700\u8981\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u300c\u7121\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4fee\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7121\u529f\u7528\u884c\u3002\u5c07\u5fc3\u4fee\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u529f\u7528\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4fee\u884c\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3001\u6709\u5fc3\u4f86\u4fee\u884c\u3002\u6709\u529f\u7528\u884c\u662f\u521d\u6b65\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5730\u904e\u6e21\u5230\u7121\u529f\u7528\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u7121\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4fee\u300d\u3002\u7121\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4fee\uff0c\u89c0\u5fc3\u6700\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u89c0\u5fc3\u662f\u8b66\u89ba\u5730\u770b\u8457\u5ff5\u982d\u8d77\u8655\u3002\u5ff5\u982d\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u554f\u5b83\u5f9e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5730\u65b9\u4f86\uff1b\u5ff5\u982d\u606f\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u554f\u5b83\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u3002\u89c0\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u89c0\u7167\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u5b83\u3001\u7167\u4f4f\u5b83\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5ff5\u982d\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u4e82\u8d77\u4e82\u6ec5\u3001\u9077\u6d41\u4e0d\u606f\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8981\u8b66\u89ba\uff0c\u8981\u770b\u597d\u5b83\u3002\u771f\u5fc3\u3001\u5984\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u5f04\u6e05\u3002\u89c0\u7167\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5984\u5fc3\uff0c\u5984\u5fc3\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u3001\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002\u6b63\u7528\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5373\u6b63\u89c0\u5fc3\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5206\u5225\u5b83\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u3001\u5984\u5fc3\u3002\u7528\u5230\u5984\u5fc3\u4e0d\u52d5\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u80fd\u89c0\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3001\u6240\u89c0\u4e4b\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u4e00\u6642\u812b\u843d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u300c\u80fd\u6240\u96d9\u4ea1\u300d\u4e86\uff0c\u80fd\u89c0\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3001\u6240\u89c0\u4e4b\u5ff5\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6709\u4eba\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5ff5\u4f5b\u9084\u597d\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e00\u5ff5\u4f5b\u5c31\u58de\u4e86\uff0c\u5984\u5ff5\u591a\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u3002\u5ff5\u4f5b\u5ff5\u58de\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff01\u5176\u5be6\u4f60\u6c92\u5ff5\u4f5b\u6642\uff0c\u5fc3\u88cf\u4e82\u5f97\u5f88\uff0c\u4f60\u6c92\u89ba\u5bdf\u5230\u7f77\u4e86\uff01\u4f60\u8ddf\u8457\u5984\u5ff5\u3001\u8ddf\u8457\u5883\u754c\u8dd1\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u516d\u9053\u8f2a\u8ff4\u88cf\u8f49\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u4f60\u5ff5\u4f5b\u4e86\uff0c\u5fc3\u975c\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u5984\u5ff5\u3001\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u8f2a\u8ff4\u4e4b\u56e0\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5927\u597d\u4e8b\uff01\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u9593\u623f\u5b50\u6709\u500b\u5c0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4e00\u7e37\u967d\u5149\u7167\u9032\u4f86\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u898b\u90a3\u4e00\u9053\u5149\u7dda\u88cf\u7070\u5875\u98db\u63da\u3002\u6c92\u6709\u5149\u7dda\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7070\u5875\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u8655\u8655\u90fd\u662f\u7070\u5875\uff0c\u7d93\u967d\u5149\u4e00\u7167\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u986f\u73fe\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.2.6\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u8981\u9580\uff1a\u898b\u3001\u4fee\u3001\u884c\u3001\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u4e00\u76f4\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u898b\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u884c\u300d\u4e09\u8981\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u8b49\u6210\u8056\u679c\u3002\u898b\u5b9a\u884c\u53ea\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u8b49\u6210\u8056\u679c\u624d\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300c\u745c\u4f3d\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u8981\u9580\uff1a\u898b\u3001\u4fee\u3001\u884c\u3001\u679c\u300d\u3002\u82e5\u8a00\u300c\u679c\u9053\u300d\uff0c\u6b64\u5fc5\u8056\u51e1\u4e0a\u4e0b\u3001\u6d85\u69c3\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u7686\u80fd\u7121\u6c42\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7121\u4e0a\u4e4b\u96a8\u7de3\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3001\u4e0d\u8b8a\u96a8\u7de3\uff0c\u5bc2\u800c\u6052\u7167\u3001\u7167\u800c\u6052\u5bc2\u3002 \u7b49\u540c\u8af8\u4f5b\uff0c\u65b9\u662f\u679c\u4e5f\u3002 \u300d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6d85\u69c3\u662f\u300c\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u8655\u6d85\u69c3\u300d\u3002\u300c\u751f\u6b7b\u6d85\u69c3\u7b49\u7a7a\u82b1\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7121\u4e0a\u4e4b\u96a8\u7de3\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3001\u4e0d\u8b8a\u96a8\u7de3\u3002\u96a8\u7de3\u4e0d\u8b8a\uff0c\u5373\u96a8\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\u4e4b\u7de3\u3002\u672c\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u91d1\u5b50\uff0c\u96a8\u7de3\u6253\u6210\u6212\u6307\u3001\u9805\u93c8\u3001\u9432\u5b50\uff0c\u96a8\u7de3\u8b8a\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u76f8; \u4f46\u91d1\u5b50\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3002\u4e0d\u8b8a\u96a8\u7de3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5bc2\uff0c\u5bc2\u7136\u4e0d\u52d5\uff0c\u672c\u9ad4\u662f\u5bc2\u7136\u4e0d\u52d5\u7684\uff1b\u7167\uff0c\u7167\u4e86\u842c\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u7167\u842c\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5999\u7528\u3002\u89ba\u7167\uff0c\u6642\u6642\u8981\u89ba\u609f\u3001\u8b66\u89ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8ddf\u5883\u754c\u8dd1\u3002\u9084\u6709\u89ba\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002\u8981\u7121\u4f5c\u70ba\uff0c\u624d\u7a31\u300c\u7121\u70ba\u300d\u3002\u529f\u592b\u6210\u719f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u63d0\u8d77\u89ba\u7167\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u89ba\u7167\u3002\u4e0d\u63d0\u89ba\u7167\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bc2\uff1b\u81ea\u7136\u89ba\u7167\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7167\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5bc2\u800c\u6052\u7167\u300d\u3002\u300c\u7167\u800c\u6052\u5bc2\u300d\u662f\u5118\u7ba1\u8d77\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u672c\u9ad4\u4ecd\u662f\u5982\u5982\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002\u529f\u592b\u5230\u9019\u88cf\u624d\u7b97\u5230\u5bb6\u3002\u4f46\u7e3d\u662f\u8981\u7d93\u904e\u63d0\u8d77\u89ba\u7167\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u8981\u89ba\u7167\u3001\u89ba\u7167\u3001\u518d\u89ba\u7167\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u7167\u719f\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u5728\u7a7a\u6c23\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e86\u9084\u6709\u7a7a\u6c23\u3002\u300c\u5982\u5165\u829d\u862d\u4e4b\u5ba4\uff0c\u4e45\u805e\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u9999\u300d\uff0c\u6e3e\u5316\u76f8\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002 \u300c\u96a8\u7de3\u4e0d\u8b8a\u3001\u4e0d\u8b8a\u96a8\u7de3\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5bc2\u800c\u6052\u7167\u3001\u7167\u800c\u6052\u5bc2\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u7b49\u540c\u8af8\u4f5b\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u624d\u7b97\u5f97\u4e0a\u8b49\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">3.3 \u609f\u5f8c\u8d77\u4fee\uff0c\u6f38\u65b7\u7fd2\u6c23\u3002(\u7406\u53ef\u9813\u609f\uff0c\u4e8b\u9808\u6f38\u9664\u3002)<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u958b\u609f\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4fee\u6210\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u6210\u9053\u3002\u958b\u609f\u53ea\u662f\u660e\u201c\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u7406\u800c\u9813\u609f\uff0c\u9813\u609f\u5230\u8b49\u609f\u5c1a\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002\u65b7\u7169\u60f1\u7fd2\u6c23\u3001\u8b49\u83e9\u63d0\u662f\u201c\u4e8b\u201d\u3002\u201c\u7406\u53ef\u9813\u609f\uff0c\u4e8b\u9808\u6f38\u9664\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u83ef\u56b4\u7d93\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6559\u5c0e\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u660e\u5fc3\u898b\u6027\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5165\u65bc\u521d\u4f4f\u4f4d\u3002\u4ecd\u9808\u7d93\u6b77\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u4f4d\u6b21\uff0c\u6f38\u65b7\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7a76\u7adf\u6210\u4f5b\u3002\u6b64\u6bb5\u662f\u6559\u5c0e\uff0c\u9813\u609f\u898b\u6027\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u6f38\u4fee\uff0c\u65b7\u9664\u7fd2\u6c23\u3002(\u5373\u4fee\u5341\u5ea6\u842c\u884c)\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u771f\u6b63\u958b\u609f\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u751f\u6c92\u6709\u6ec5\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u53bb\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u300a\u695e\u56b4\u7d93\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u300e\u7406\u5247\u9813\u609f\uff0c\u4e58\u609f\u4e26\u92b7\uff1b\u4e8b\u975e\u9813\u9664\uff0c\u56e0\u6b21\u7b2c\u76e1\u300f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u7406\u609f\u662f\u609f\u5230\u300c\u5982\u4f86\u667a\u6167\u5fb7\u76f8\u300d \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u543e\u4eba\u7576\u4e0b\u9019\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u5982\u4e0d\u52d5\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u6e05\u6de8\u5fc3\u3002\u6b64\u5fc3\u80fd\u751f\u842c\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u8db3\u4e00\u5207\u529f\u5fb7\u8207\u667a\u6167\u3002\u800c\u53bb\u9664\u7d2f\u52ab\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u5984\u60f3\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u4eba\u6211\u662f\u975e\u7b49\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6f38\u4fee\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u7576\u9019\u4e9b\u7169\u60f1\u53bb\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u672c\u5177\u7684\u5982\u4f86\u667a\u6167\u5fb7\u76f8\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u524d\u3002<\/strong><strong>\u7406\u662f\u7406\u9ad4\u3001\u300c\u9053\u300d\u3001\u771f\u5982\u4f5b\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u4f5b\u7684\u77e5\u898b\u3002\u7406\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9813\u609f\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5373\u523b\u6216\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u958b\u609f\u660e\u77ad\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u65e6\u7406\u4e0a\u958b\u609f\uff0c\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u609f\u8207\u4e0d\u609f\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5206\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6b0a\u4e58\uff0c\u76f4\u9054\u4e0d\u4e8c\u4f5b\u5883\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u4e8b\u9ad4\u3001\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u662f\u4e8b\u76f8\u4e0a\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u662f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e8b\u9ad4\u4e0a\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u5230\u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6b21\u7b2c\u6f38\u9032\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u524d\u9032\uff0c\u6709\u6b21\u7b2c\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u7684\u9664\u6389\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7fd2\u6c23\u813e\u6c23\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53e4\u5fb7\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u6f38\u4fee\u7d2f\u52ab\u529f\uff0c \u9813\u609f\u524e\u90a3\u9593\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u6f38\u4fee\u662f\u4f9d\u6b21\u7b2c\u800c\u7cbe\u9032\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8b\u5165\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u52a0\u529f\u7528\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6c34\u5230\u6e20\u6210\uff0c\u5713\u6eff\u679c\u5fb7\u3002 \u609f\u5f8c\u8d77\u4fee\u624d\u662f\u771f\u4fee\uff0c\u609f\u4e86\u9053\u7406\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9084\u9808\u7cbe\u9032\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u5370\u8b49\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4fdd\u4efb\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u529f\u5fb7\u66f4\u52a0\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u6f38\u4fee\u8207\u9813\u609f\uff0c\u53ef\u8aaa\u662f\u76f8\u8f14\u76f8\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.3.1 \u300c\u7136\u591a\u751f\u5984\u57f7\uff0c\u7fd2\u4ee5\u6027\u6210\uff0c\u559c\u6012\u54c0\u6a02\uff0c\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u771f\u7406\u96d6\u7136\u9813\u9054\uff0c\u6b64\u60c5\u96e3\u4ee5\u5352\u9664\u3002\u9808\u5e38\u89ba\u5bdf\uff0c\u640d\u4e4b\u53c8\u640d\uff0c\u5982\u98a8\u9813\u6b62\uff0c\u6ce2\u6d6a\u6f38\u505c\u3002\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a7a\u5bc2\u70ba\u81ea\u9ad4\uff0c\u52ff\u8a8d\u8272\u8eab\uff1b\u4ee5\u9748\u77e5\u70ba\u81ea\u5fc3\uff0c\u52ff\u8a8d\u5984\u5ff5\u3002\u5984\u5ff5\u82e5\u8d77\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u96a8\u4e4b\u3002\u82e5\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5bc2\u6ec5\uff0c\u552f\u5713\u89ba\u5927\u667a\u6717\u7136\u7368\u5b58\uff0c\u5373\u96a8\u6a5f\u61c9\u73fe\u5343\u767e\u5104\u5316\u8eab\uff0c\u5ea6\u6709\u7de3\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u540d\u4e4b\u70ba\u4f5b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u5011\u591a\u751f\u6b77\u52ab\u5984\u57f7\u5916\u5883\uff0c\u7fd2\u4ee5\u70ba\u5e38\u3002\u57f7\u8457\u5916\u9762\u7684\u5883\u754c\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u57f7\u8457\u8eab\u9ad4\u662f\u6211\u3002\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u5f85\u5883\u7269\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u51e1\u4e8b\u90fd\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u597d\u60e1\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u300c\u559c\u6012\u54c0\u6a02\uff0c\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\u300d\u3002\u6975\u5fae\u7d30\u7684\u5984\u5ff5\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u5728\u52d5\u3002\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\u5fae\u7d30\u5f97\u5f88\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\uff0c\u8981\u505a\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4f86\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5f97\u898b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u676f\u6df7\u6fc1\u7684\u6c34\uff0c\u88cf\u9762\u7684\u6ce5\u6c99\u4f60\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6c88\u6fb1\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6c34\u6e05\u6de8\u4e86\uff0c\u624d\u770b\u898b\u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u6ce5\u6c99\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.3.2\u300c\u771f\u7406\u96d6\u7136\u9813\u9054\uff0c\u6b64\u60c5\u96e3\u4ee5\u5352\u9664\u3002\u9808\u5e38\u89ba\u5bdf\uff0c\u640d\u4e4b\u53c8\u640d\uff0c\u5982\u98a8\u9813\u6b62\uff0c\u6ce2\u6d6a\u6f38\u505c\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u771f\u7406\u96d6\u53ef\u9813\u609f (\u89e3\u609f)\uff0c\u4f46\u5984\u60c5\u5f88\u96e3\u7acb\u5373\u9664\u6ec5\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u9813\u609f\u6f38\u4fee\u3002\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u8005\u9808\u9577\u671f\u89ba\u5bdf\uff0c\u628a\u9019\u5984\u60c5\u8f49\u5316\uff0c\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u7fd2\u6c23\u3001\u7169\u60f1\u3001\u57f7\u8457\u4e00\u5929\u5929\u5730\u4e0d\u65b7\u6e1b\u5c11\u3001\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\u3002\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u98a8\u4e00\u522e\uff0c\u6ce2\u6d6a\u5373\u8d77\uff0c\u98a8\u505c\u5f8c\u6ce2\u6d6a\u9084\u5728\u6e67\u52d5\uff0c\u8981\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u6162\u6162\u5730\u505c\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002(\u4e5f\u50cf\u9152\u74f6\u88e1\u7684\u9152\u96d6\u4e00\u6642\u5012\u5149\uff0c\u4f46\u9152\u6c23\u4ecd\u5b58\uff0c\u9700\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u6d88\u9664\u3002)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">3.3.3<\/span> <span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u300c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a7a\u5bc2\u70ba\u81ea\u9ad4\uff0c\u52ff\u8a8d\u8272\u8eab\u3002\u4ee5\u9748\u77e5\u70ba\u81ea\u5fc3\uff0c\u52ff\u8a8d\u5984\u5ff5\u3002\u5984\u5ff5\u82e5\u8d77\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u96a8\u4e4b\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u9019\u8272\u8eab\u3001\u8089\u9ad4\u3001\u8ec0\u6bbc\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6211\u5011\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u672c\u9ad4\uff0c\u662f\u5373\u7a7a\u800c\u5373\u5bc2\uff0c\u4e0d\u52d5\u4e0d\u6416\u3001\u4e0d\u4f86\u4e0d\u53bb\u3001\u4e0d\u751f\u4e0d\u6ec5\u3002\u9019\u500b\u8ec0\u6bbc\u662f\u6162\u6162\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u5c11\u800c\u8001\uff0c\u7531\u8001\u800c\u6b7b\u3002\u8089\u8eab\u662f\u8272\u9ad4\uff0c\u5343\u842c\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u8a8d\u9019\u8272\u8eab\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8981\u8a8d\u7a7a\u5bc2\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5373\u7a7a\u800c\u5373\u5bc2\u3001\u4e0d\u4f86\u4e0d\u53bb\u3001\u4e0d\u52d5\u4e0d\u6416\u7684\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6027\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u672c\u6027\u3002\u5ff5\u8d77\u7121\u6240\u4f4f\u3001\u7121\u6240\u8457\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002\u9019\u4e86\u4e86\u9748\u77e5\u624d\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8457\u3001\u4e0d\u53d6\u3001\u7121\u611b\u3001\u7121\u618e\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002\u6709\u6240\u4f4f\u3001\u6709\u6240\u5206\u5225\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5984\u60c5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>3.3.4\u300c\u82e5\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5bc2\u6ec5\uff0c\u552f\u5713\u89ba\u5927\u667a\uff0c\u6717\u7136\u7368\u5b58\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u96a8\u6a5f\u61c9\u73fe\uff0c\u5343\u767e\u5104\u5316\u8eab\uff0c\u5ea6\u6709\u7de3\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u540d\u4e4b\u70ba\u4f5b\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5c07\u5fae\u7d30\u5984\u5ff5\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\u90fd\u6d88\u9664\u5149\uff0c\u800c\u5fb9\u8b49\u300c\u552f\u5713\u89ba\u5927\u667a\uff0c\u6717\u7136\u7368\u5b58\u300d\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5713\u6210\u4f5b\u679c\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u6211\u5011\u9019\u4e00\u751f\u679c\u80fd\u7531\u898b\u6027\u7834\u521d\u95dc\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5728\u4e8b\u5883\u4e0a\u935b\u7149\uff0c\u52e4\u9664\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u7df4\u5230\u9806\u9006\u7121\u62d8\uff0c\u7e31\u6a6b\u7121\u7919\uff0c\u7834\u91cd\u95dc\u5f8c\uff0c\u518d\u4e0a\u4e0a\u5347\u9032\uff0c\u9664\u76e1\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\uff0c\u5c31\u5927\u653e\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u6717\u7167\u5341\u65b9\uff0c\u7121\u6240\u969c\u7919\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u96a8\u6a5f\u61c9\u73fe\u5343\u767e\u5104\u5316\u8eab\u5ea6\u6709\u7de3\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u96a8\u6a5f\u8d74\u611f\uff0c\u61c9\u7de3\u73fe\u8eab\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u898b\u6027\u6210\u4f5b\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>3.4 \u65b7\u9664\u7c97\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u660e\u5fc3\u898b\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6211\u5011\u4f5c\u529f\u592b\u6642\uff0c\u5c0d\u5883\u751f\u5fc3\uff0c\u6500\u7de3\u4e0d\u606f\u7684\u5984\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7406\u776c\u5b83\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u653e\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65b7\u7c97\u5984\u3002\u7c97\u5984\u65b7\u4e86\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u7d30\u5984 (\u8166\u6d77\u88cf\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u5ff5)\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u7136\u96a8\u5883\u800c\u8f49\u4e4b\u7c97\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u906e\u84cb\u81ea\u5fc3\u672c\u76f8\u3002\u56e0\u793a\u66f0\uff1a\u6700\u521d\u4ee4\u5fc3\u5766\u7136\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e0d\u64d2\u4e0d\u7e31\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5c0d\u5883\u751f\u5fc3\uff0c\u6500\u7de3\u4e0d\u606f\u7684\u5984\u60f3\uff0c\u53eb\u7c97\u5984\u5ff5\u3002\u7c97\u5984\u5ff5\u5982\u70cf\u96f2\u853d\u65e5\uff0c\u906e\u84cb\u6211\u5011\u5149\u660e\u7684\u81ea\u5fc3\u672c\u76f8\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u958b\u59cb\u505a\u529f\u592b\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u628a\u96a8\u5883\u800c\u8f49\u7684\u7c97\u5984\u5ff5\u65ac\u65b7\u3002\u505a\u529f\u592b\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5148\u8981\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5fc3\u5f88\u5766\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u4f4f\u8457\u3001\u7169\u60f1\u3001\u62d8\u8b39\u3001\u675f\u7e1b\uff0c\u5766\u5766\u8569\u8569\uff0c\u653e\u4e0b\u5fc3\u4f86\u3002\u300c\u541b\u5b50\u5766\u8569\u8569\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u60a3\u5f97\u5931\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u80fd\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5fc3\u88cf\u6709\u6240\u57f7\u8457\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u8f49\u500b\u4e0d\u505c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u8981\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5c0d\u6cbb\u3002\u300c\u4e0d\u64d2\u4e0d\u7e31\u300d\u3002\u64d2\u662f\u6293\u4f4f\u5b83\uff0c\u6309\u4f4f\u5b83\uff1b\u7e31\u8005\u662f\u653e\u7e31\u5b83\u3002\u6211\u5011\u65e2\u4e0d\u8981\u64d2\u4f4f\u5b83\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u653e\u7e31\u5b83\uff0c\u4efb\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u5ff5\u982d\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u7406\u776c\u4f60\uff0c\u4e0d\u64d2\u4e0d\u7e31\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u6211\u5011\u4fee\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7df4\u5c31\u300c\u4e0d\u7406\u776c\u300d\u7684\u529f\u592b\u3002\u5ff5\u982d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u4f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u8d77\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u4f86\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u7406\u776c\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u5316\u9664\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u96e2\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f &#8220;\u7121\u70ba\u800c\u4f4f&#8221; \u4e4b\u81ea\u5fc3\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u667a\u6167\u5149\u660e\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5047\u5982\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920 &#8220;\u96e2\u958b\u5984\u5ff5&#8221;\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0a\u5ea7\u4fee\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u65bc\u884c\u4f4f\u5750\u81e5\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u4e2d\u96e2\u5984\u5ff5\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f&#8221;\u7121\u70ba\u800c\u4f4f&#8221;\u4e4b\u81ea\u5fc3\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u672c\u4f86\u9762\u76ee\u986f\u73fe\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u4e00\u5207\u8655\u90fd\u4e0d\u8457\u76f8\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e0d\u4f4f\u4e00\u9ede\u5f71\u5b50\u3002\u6709\u4e8b\u5118\u7ba1\u505a\u3002\u7d42\u65e5\u5403\u98ef\uff0c\u672a\u66fe\u54ac\u8457\u4e00\u7c92\u7c73\uff1b\u7d42\u65e5\u7a7f\u8863\uff0c\u672a\u66fe\u639b\u8457\u4e00\u6839\u7d17\uff0c\u9019\u53eb\u7121\u4f4f\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u628a\u5984\u60c5\u53bb\u6389\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5ff5\u5ff5\u4e0d\u8457\u76f8\uff0c\u667a\u6167\u5149\u660e\u624d\u80fd\u986f\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u96e2\u5984\u5ff5\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f9e\u5916\u5f97\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u81ea\u5fc3\u672c\u5177\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u7576\u9063\u96e2\u8caa\u8457\u5982\u662f\u7b49\u529f\u529b\u5883\uff0c\u9813\u7136\u5b89\u4f4f\uff0c\u65b9\u73fe\u8d64\u88f8\u4e86\u5fb9\u4e4b\u81ea\u6027\u672c\u5143\u9ad4\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u5047\u5982\u6211\u5011\u505a\u529f\u592b\u6642\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u9063\u9664 &#8220;\u5feb\u6a02\u3001\u5149\u660e\u3001\u7121\u5ff5&#8221; \u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u529f\u529b\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u4fee\u6cd5\u4fee\u81f3\u80fd\u6240\u96d9\u4ea1\uff0c\u5fc3\u6cd5\u96d9\u6cef\uff0c\u6839\u5875\u812b\u843d\uff0c\u524d\u5f8c\u969b\u65b7\u6642\uff0c\u300c\u556a\u300d\u5730\u4e00\u8072\uff0c\u5ffd\u7136\u7206\u7834\uff0c\u5167\u800c\u8eab\u5fc3\uff0c\u5916\u800c\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u865b\u7a7a\u4e00\u6642\u7c89\u788e\uff0c\u300c\u5927\u5730\u5e73\u6c88\uff0c\u865b\u7a7a\u7c89\u788e\u300d\uff0c\u9813\u7136\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002\u6b64\u6642\u96d6\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e0d\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u975e\u5982\u6728\u77f3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9748\u77e5\u4e86\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u300c\u8d64\u88f8\u4e86\u5fb9\u4e4b\u81ea\u6027\u672c\u5143\u9ad4\u300d\u5c31\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u300c\u6025\u547c\u300e\u5478\u300f\u5b57\uff0c\u9813\u65b7\u5984\u60f3\u4e4b\u6d41\u3002\u300d<\/span>\u5984\u5ff5\u4e00\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u99ac\u4e0a\u51dc\u89ba\uff0c\u6025\u547c\u300c\u5478\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u8072\uff0c\u5984\u60f3\u7684\u6e90\u6d41\u300c\u556a\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u65b7\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5927\u624b\u5370\u65b7\u5984\u5ff5\u7684\u8981\u8a23\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u606f\u7c97\u5984\u5fc3\u6240\u800c\u4f4f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5247\u96e2\u6500\u7de3\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5883\uff0c\u81ea\u6027\u5373\u660e\u5fb9\u3001\u8d64\u986f\u96e2\u5fc3\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u5982\u5982\u73fe\u4f4f\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u628a\u5c0d\u5883\u751f\u5fc3\u7684\u7c97\u5984\u6b47\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b89\u4f4f\u5b9a\u5883\u800c\u4e0d\u52d5\u3002\u4fee\u6cd5\u529f\u592b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u9808\u606f\u6389\u5c0d\u5883\u751f\u5fc3\u7684\u7c97\u5984\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u96e2\u958b\u6500\u7de3\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e0d\u4e82\u52d5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u672c\u4f86\u7684\u81ea\u6027\u5c31\u660e\u660e\u4e86\u4e86\u3001\u6e05\u6e05\u6f88\u6f88\u3001\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u5730\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u96e2\u958b\u5984\u60f3\u5fc3\u7684\u5982\u5982\u4e0d\u52d5\u7684\u5149\u660e\u5927\u667a\u6167\u4e5f\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u4e86\uff08\u6717\u7136\u73fe\u524d\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u6d1e\u9054\u96e2\u751f\u6ec5\u6709\u7121\u8af8\u908a\uff0c\u8d85\u7d55\u8a9e\u610f\u5206\u5225\u5883\u3002\u800c\u81ea\u5b89\u4f4f\u96e2\u8a00\u601d\u4e4b\u667a\u6167\u6027\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u300c\u6d1e\u9054\u300d\u662f\u6d1e\u7136\u660e\u767d\u3001\u5fb9\u5e95\u901a\u9054\u3002\u96e2\u958b\u751f\u548c\u6ec5\u3001\u6709\u548c\u7121\u7b49\u7a2e\u7a2e\u908a\u898b\u3002\u771f\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u4f5b\u6027\uff0c\u975e\u6709\u3001\u975e\u7121\u3001\u975e\u9577\u3001\u975e\u77ed\u3001\u975e\u751f\u3001\u975e\u6ec5\u3001\u975e\u597d\u3001\u975e\u58de\u3001\u975e\u7f8e\u3001\u975e\u919c\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u975e\u3002\u8a00\u8a9e\u9053\u65b7\uff0c\u5fc3\u884c\u6ec5\u8655\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8981\u8d85\u8d8a\u8a9e\u610f\u5206\u5225\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u660e\u767d\u9019\u4e9b\u5883\u754c\u90fd\u662f\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u96a8\u5b83\u8d70\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ddf\u5b83\u8f49\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u653e\u4e0b\u518d\u653e\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u653e\u5149\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u5b89\u4f4f\u96e2\u8a00\u601d\u4e4b\u667a\u6167\u6027\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u96e2\u8a00\u601d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u601d\u7dad\u3002\u96e2\u8a00\u601d\u4e4b\u667a\u6167\u6027\u5883\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u8a9e\u8a00\u548c\u601d\u7dad\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6027\u672c\u5177\u7684\u5927\u667a\u6167\u5883\u754c\u3002\u5bc2\u800c\u5e38\u7167\uff0c\u7167\u800c\u5e38\u5bc2\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u7121\u529f\u7528\u9053\u4e86\uff1b\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u5bc2\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u7167\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u90a3\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5230\u5bb6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u300c\u6545\u4ee5\u5370\u8b49\u898b\u5b97\u70ba\u9996\u8981\u3002\u5f8c\u53ef\u5370\u8b49\u81ea\u4f4f\u4e4b\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u662f\u5373\u4f4f\u81ea\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u975e\u7531\u4ed6\u6c42\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u6614\u7121\u4eca\u6709\u3002\u300d<\/span>\uff08\u6b64\u70ba\u521d\u8981\uff09<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u898b\u5b97\u5c31\u662f\u660e\u898b\u672c\u6027\u3002\u6052\u6cb3\u5927\u624b\u5370\u628a\u898b\u5b97\u7f6e\u65bc\u9996\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5148\u8981\u8b49\u898b\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u986f\u767c\u300c\u81ea\u4f4f\u4e4b\u667a\u6167\u300d\u3002\u660e\u609f\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fdd\u4efb\u672c\u6027\u4e0d\u5931\uff0c\u52e4\u82e6\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u6383\u8569\u5984\u7fd2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u9806\u5883\u3001\u9006\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5fc3\u5982\u6b62\u6c34\uff0c\u6beb\u7121\u8d70\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u795e\u901a\u5999\u7528\u4fbf\u4e0d\u6c42\u81ea\u5f97\u3002\u300c\u4f4f\u81ea\u672c\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u5fc3\u672c\u5177\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u7531\u672c\u5fc3\u767c\u51fa\uff0c\u662f\u672c\u5177\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>3.5 \u609f\u5f8c\u8d77\u4fee\uff0c\u7121\u529f\u7528\u9053\u3002\u65b7\u5fae\u7d30\u5984\u5ff5 (\u7121\u660e\u7fd2\u6c23)\uff0c\u6210\u7a76\u7adf\u4f5b\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u7576\u6211\u5011\u65b7\u4e86\u7c97\u5984\u5ff5\u5f8c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u7d30\u7684\u610f\u5ff5\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u5730\u7d1b\u7d1b\u8df3\u51fa\u4f86\u4e86\u3002\u610f\u662f\u610f\u6839\u3002\u5b83\u6642\u6642\u5728\u52d5\uff0c\u5982\u6f5b\u6c34\u9b5a\u5728\u5e95\u5c64\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u52d5\u5f97\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u5b83\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u9077\u6d41\u4e0d\u606f\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u505c\u606f\uff0c\u6b64\u70ba\u5fae\u7d30\u3001\u6975\u5fae\u7d30\u7684\u5984\u5ff5\u3002\u9019\u6975\u5fae\u7d30\u7684\u5984\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53eb\u5fae\u7d30\u6d41\u6ce8\u3002\u7c97\u5984\u65b7\u4e86\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u7d30\u5984\u3001\u5fae\u7d30\u5984\u3001\u6975\u5fae\u7d30\u5984\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u4ee4\u5fc3\u5982\u6cb3\u6d41\uff0c\u4efb\u904b\u81ea\u7136\u4f4f\uff0c\u8d77\u4f0f\u4e0d\u4f5c\u6210\u7acb\u8207\u906e\u9063\uff0c\u5373\u5f97\u6cd5\u8eab\u81ea\u76f8\u3002\u5fc3\u8d77\u77e5\u70ba\u667a\u6167\u529f\u7528\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6211\u5011\u505a\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u8981\u8b93\u5fc3\u50cf\u6cb3\u6d41\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u96a8\u5f4e\u5c31\u6298\u3002\u81ea\u5df1\u6beb\u7121\u4e3b\u89c0\u7684\u4f4f\u8457\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4efb\u904b\u96a8\u7de3\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6211\u898b\uff0c\u4ea6\u7121\u6eef\u7919\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u90fd\u50cf\u6d41\u6c34\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b89\u7136\u81ea\u5728\u5730\u6d41\u53bb\u3002\u7528\u529f\u4fee\u9053\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u6539\u8b8a\u4f4f\u8457\u7684\u5984\u7fd2\uff0c\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u96a8\u7de3\u5c31\u7269\uff0c\u5f4e\u5c31\u5f4e\u3001\u6298\u5c31\u6298\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56fa\u57f7\u5df1\u898b\u3002\u5ff5\u982d\u4f86\u4e86\u4e0d\u776c\u5b83\u3001\u4e0d\u58d3\u5b83\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8ddf\u5b83\u8dd1\uff0c\u4efb\u904b\u96a8\u7de3\uff0c\u61c9\u842c\u6a5f\u800c\u7121\u4f4f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u505a\u4e8b\u60c5\u6642\uff0c\u53ea\u554f\u8015\u8018\uff0c\u4e0d\u554f\u6536\u7a6b\uff0c\u6210\u4e0d\u559c\uff0c\u6557\u4e0d\u60f1\uff0c\u518d\u63a5\u518d\u53b2\u5730\u5e79\u3002\u5fc3\u88cf\u8d77\u4e86\u5ff5\u982d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u667a\u6167\u529f\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u89c0\u7167\u6642\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u771f\u505a\u529f\u592b\u9808\u6d3b\u6f51\u6f51\u5730\u5728\u4e8b\u5883\u4e0a\u935b\u7149\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u5fc3\u5ff5\u8d77\u8655\uff0c\u662f\u672c\u6027\u7684\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u53bb\u8457\u76f8\uff0c\u5247\u667a\u6167\u65e5\u589e\u3002\u898b\u5230\u672c\u6027\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9808\u8981\u5728\u4e8b\u5883\u4e0a\u52e4\u9664\u7fd2\u6c23\u3002\u89c0\u7167\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9664\u7fd2\u6c23\u7684\u6700\u597d\u8fa6\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u300c\u8caa\u778b\u3001\u7169\u60f1\u3001\u82e6\u6a02\u611f\u53d7\u7b49\u4e4b\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u77e5\u5176\u7686\u662f\u6cd5\u723e\uff0c\u5373\u5f97\u6cd5\u8eab\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4efb\u904b\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u8caa\u778b\u3001\u7169\u60f1\u3001\u82e6\u6a02\u7b49\u7b49\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u6cd5\u8eab\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5999\u7528\u3002\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u5982\u610f\u4e8b\u5c31\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u6c42\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5c31\u778b\u6012\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\u9858\u5c31\u60b2\u82e6\u6028\u6068\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u5c31\u6b23\u559c\u5feb\u6a02\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u611f\u53d7\u90fd\u662f\u7a7a\u7121\u81ea\u6027\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5c0d\u5883\u751f\u8d77\u7684\u5984\u60f3\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u842c\u6cd5\u672c\u9591\uff0c\u552f\u4eba\u81ea\u9b27\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u6839\u672c\u7121\u660e\u7684\u7de3\u6545\u3002\u7121\u660e\u4e26\u975e\u5be6\u6709\uff0c\u662f\u5984\u60f3\u3001\u5e7b\u5f71\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u89ba\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u5b83\u7167\u7834\u4e86\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u89ba\u609f\u8caa\u3001\u778b\u3001\u7661\u3001\u6162\u3001\u7591\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u5011\u8457\u5883\u7c98\u5fc3\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u5984\u53d7\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7121\u660e\u5984\u60f3\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u81ea\u6cd5\u723e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u662f\u7a7a\u7121\u6240\u6709\u7684\u3002\u300a\u5713\u89ba\u7d93\u300b\uff1a\u300c\u77e5\u5e7b\u5373\u96e2\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u65b9\u4fbf\uff1b\u96e2\u5e7b\u5373\u89ba\uff0c\u4ea6\u7121\u6f38\u6b21\u3002\u300d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u5011\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u8655\u7684\u8209\u63aa\u65bd\u70ba\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u7684\u5999\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8272\u76f8\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5316\u8eab\u3002\u81ea\u7576\u96a8\u9806\u7a2e\u7a2e\u56e0\u7de3\u61c9\u4ed8\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u76e1\u4e00\u5df1\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u70ba\u7fa4\u773e\u9020\u798f\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u4efb\u904b\u300d\uff1b\u6642\u6642\u523b\u523b\u4efb\u904b\u7121\u4f4f\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u5207\u5984\u60f3\u5883\u4e0d\u52a0\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u800c\u53c8\u975e\u540c\u6728\u77f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e86\u4e86\u5206\u660e\u5730\u61c9\u6a5f\u96a8\u7de3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span 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