{"id":891,"date":"2013-09-27T03:25:55","date_gmt":"2013-09-27T03:25:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/?p=891"},"modified":"2016-03-23T14:32:54","modified_gmt":"2016-03-23T14:32:54","slug":"%e8%9d%b4%e8%9d%b6%e6%95%88%e6%87%89-%e8%a7%a3%e8%aa%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.worldofmastermind.com\/?p=891","title":{"rendered":"\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u539f\u7406\u89e3\u8aaa"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u662f\u8aaa:\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u4e0a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u4e00\u96bb\u5c0f\u8774\u8776\uff0c\u6247\u52d5\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u800c\u64fe\u52d5\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c23\u3002\u7d93\u904e\u5f88\u9577\u6642\u9593\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5fb7\u5dde\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e00\u5834\u9f8d\u6372\u98a8\u3002\"Butterfly<\/a>\u4ee5\u6b64\u6bd4\u55bb\u9577\u6642\u671f\u5927\u7bc4\u570d\u5929\u6c23\u9810\u5831\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u9810\u6e2c\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u5f8c\u679c\u3002\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u662f\u96e3\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u9577\u671f\u5929\u6c23\u9810\u5831\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u6027\u6216\u4e0d\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u5dee\u4e4b\u6beb\u91d0\uff0c\u5931\u4e4b\u5343\u91cc\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e00\u62db\u4e0d\u614e\uff0c\u6eff\u76e4\u7686\u8f38\u300d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

A.\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u7531\u4f86<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u4f86\u6e90\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u6c23\u8c61\u5b78\u5bb6\u52de\u4f96\u6b2160\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u3002 1961\u5e74\u51ac\u5b63\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u52de\u4f96\u6b21\uff08Edward Lorenz\uff09\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u9ea5\u514b\u6bd4\u578b\u96fb\u8166\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u95dc\u65bc\u5929\u6c23\u9810\u5831\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8003\u5bdf\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u9577\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d70\u4e86\u4e00\u689d\u6377\u5f91\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4ee4\u96fb\u8166\u5f9e\u982d\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f9e\u4e2d\u9014\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u4e0a\u6b21\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u7d50\u679c\u8cc7\u6599(output)\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5165\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u521d\u503c(input)\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u4e00\u6642\u4e0d\u614e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7121\u610f\u9593\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u5c0f\u6578\u9ede\u5f8c\u516d\u4f4d\u7684\u96f6\u982d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u7a7f\u904e\u5927\u5ef3\u4e0b\u6a13\uff0c\u53bb\u559d\u5496\u5561\u3002\u4e00\u5c0f\u6642\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u4f86\u6642\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u5929\u6c23\u8b8a\u5316\u540c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fc5\u901f\u504f\u96e2\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\uff0c \u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u57281963\u5e74, \u7f8e\u570b\u6c23\u8c61\u5b78\u5bb6\u6d1b\u502b\u8332\uff08Lorenz\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u540d\u53eb\u300a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u7684\u975e\u5468\u671f\u6d41\u300b\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u6839\u64da\u5927\u6c23\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u5316\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u6a21\u578b(\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f)\uff0cLorenz\u7d93\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5929\u6c23\u9810\u6e2c\u5177\u6709\u5c0d\u521d\u59cb\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u689d\u4ef6\u6700\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u90fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u8ecc\u7dda\u7684\u884c\u70ba(\u5373\u5929\u6c23)\u7121\u6cd5\u6e96\u78ba\u9810\u6e2c\u3002\u64da\u6b64\u5206\u6790\uff0cLorenz\u624d\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\u8aaa\u5929\u6c23\u7684\u9577\u671f\u9810\u5831\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

1979\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u6d1b\u502b\u8332\uff08Lorenz\uff09\u5728\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u5b78\u4fc3\u9032\u6703\u7684\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u8b1b\u6f14\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u4e00\u96bb\u8774\u8776\u5728\u5df4\u897f\u6247\u52d5\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5fb7\u514b\u85a9\u65af\u5f15\u8d77\u4e00\u5834\u9f8d\u5377\u98a8\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6f14\u8b1b\u548c\u7d50\u8ad6\u7d66\u4eba\u5011\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6975\u5176\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u5f9e\u6b64\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u201c\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u4e4b\u8aaa\u5c31\u4e0d\u811b\u800c\u8d70\u3002 \u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u96bb\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u4e9e\u99ac\u905c\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u71b1\u5e36\u96e8\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u8774\u8776\uff0c\u5076\u723e\u6247\u52d5\u5e7e\u4e0b\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5169\u5468\u5f8c\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5fb7\u514b\u85a9\u65af(Texas)\u5f15\u8d77\u4e00\u5834\u9f8d\u5377\u98a8\u3002\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\uff1a\u8774\u8776\u7fc5\u8180 \u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5176\u8eab\u908a\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u7cfb\u7d71\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u5f15\u8d77\u5fae\u5f31\u6c23\u6d41\u7684\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u5fae\u5f31\u6c23\u6d41\u7684\u7522\u751f\u53c8\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u5b83\u56db\u5468\u7a7a\u6c23\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7d71\u7522\u751f\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u8d77\u9023\u9396\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e \u81f4\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6975\u5927\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u6d1b\u502b\u8332\u628a\u9019\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u6232\u7a31\u505a”\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9”\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5373\u4e00\u4ef6\u6e2c\u91cf\u9336\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u4f86\u6beb\u7121\u95dc\u4fc2\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u5de8\u5927\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002 \"butterfly1\"<\/a><\/strong>
\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6c23\u8c61\u9810\u6e2c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7528\u4eba\u9020\u885b\u661f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5730\u5340\u63a2\u6e2c\u5100\u5668 \u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u6642\u523b(\u6b64\u6642) \u641c\u96c6\u5404\u7a2e\u6c23\u5019\u8cc7\u6599 \u653e\u9032\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u901f\u96fb\u8166 \u8a66\u5716\u9810\u6e2c\u4e94\u5929\u5167\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316 \u96e2\u6b64\u6642\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u9060 \u9810\u6e2c\u8d8a\u4e0d\u6e96 \u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e09 (1) \u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u5b9a\u7406\u76f8\u7576\u8907\u96dc \u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u5f0f\u53ef\u96a8\u5730\u61c9\u7528 (2) \u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6c23\u5019 \u90fd\u4e92\u76f8\u95dc\u9023 \u56e0\u6b64\u7121\u6cd5\u6e96\u78ba\u6e2c\u91cf\u5404\u5730 \u201c\u6b64\u523b\u201d \u7684\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316 (3)\u4ee5\u73fe\u5728\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u96fb\u8166 \u9084\u4e0d\u80fd\u653e\u9032\u884c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u516c\u5f0f \u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5167(\u4f8b\u5982\u4e09\u5c0f\u6642\u5167)\u9810\u6e2c\u6c23\u5019<\/strong><\/p>\n

B. \u8ecd\u4e8b\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u662f\u767c\u751f\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u67e5\u7406\u4e09\u4e16\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u67e5\u7406\u6e96\u5099\u8207\u91cc\u5947\u8499\u5fb7\u51b3\u4e00\u6b7b\u6230\uff0c\u67e5\u7406\u53eb\u9435\u5320\u53bb\u91d8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u99ac\u8e44\uff0c\u9435\u5320\u5f04\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u8e44\u6642\uff0c\u9084\u5dee\u4e24\u500b\u91d8\u5b50\uff0c\u4fbf\u5077\u5077\u5730\u6577\u884d\u4e86\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u67e5\u7406\u548c\u5c0d\u65b9\u4ea4\u6230\uff0c\u5ffd\u7136\u99ac\u5931\u5f8c\u8e44\uff0c\u88ab\u6230\u99ac\u6380\u5012\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u4ea8\u5229\u56e0\u6b64\u4fd8\u865c\u4e86\u67e5\u7406\u3002\u65bc\u662f\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u9996\u6c11\u8b20\uff1a<\/strong>
\u4e1f\u5931\u4e00\u500b\u91d8\u5b50\uff0c\u58de\u4e86\u4e00\u96bb\u8e44\u9435\uff1b \u58de\u4e86\u4e00\u96bb\u8e44\u9435\uff0c\u6298\u4e86\u4e00\u5339\u6230\u99ac\uff1b<\/strong>
\u6298\u4e86\u4e00\u5339\u6230\u99ac\uff0c\u50b7\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u9a0e\u58eb\uff1b \u50b7\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u9a0e\u58eb\uff0c\u8f38\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u6230\u9b25\uff1b<\/strong>
\u8f38\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u6230\u9b25\uff0c\u4ea1\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5e1d\u570b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u99ac\u8e44\u9435\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u91d8\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u6703\u4e1f\u5931\uff0c\u672c\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u5341\u5206\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u201c\u9577\u671f\u201d\u6548\u61c9\u537b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e1d\u570b\u5b58\u8207\u4ea1\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u8ecd\u4e8b\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u201c\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

C. \u6df7\u6c8c\u7406\u8ad6 \u3001\u4e16\u4e8b\u7121\u5e38\u53ca\u547d\u904b\u8ad6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e16\u4e8b\u7121\u5e38, \u8b8a\u5316\u842c\u5343. \u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269 (\u6709\u5f62\u7121\u5f62) \u90fd\u4ee5\u975e\u76f4\u7dda\u6027\u76f8\u4e92\u95dc\u9023. \u521d\u59cb\u689d\u4ef6(initial conditions, \u56e0)\u7684\u6975\u5fae\u5c0f\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u53ef\u5c0e\u81f4\u6975\u5927\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u7d50\u679c(final results)\u3002\u5c31\u5982\u53e4\u5fb7\u6240\u8aaa: \u201c\u727d\u4e00\u9aee\u53ef\u52d5\u5168\u8eab\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5931\u4e4b\u6beb\u91d0\uff0c\u5dee\u4e4b\u5343\u91cc\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u8457\u4e0d\u614e\uff0c\u6eff\u76e4\u7686\u8f38\u201d\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u6536\u7a6b\u4e00\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6163\uff1b\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e00\u7a2e\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u6536\u7a6b\u4e00\u7a2e\u6027\u683c\uff1b\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e00\u7a2e\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u6536\u7a6b\u4e00\u7a2e\u547d\u904b\u3002 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u88ab\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7528\u4f86\u5f62\u8c61\u8aaa\u660e\u6df7\u6c8c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u6b77\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff1a \u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u5617\u8a66\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u71e6\u721b\u7684\u5fae\u7b11\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u7fd2\u6163\u6027\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u548c\u771f\u8aa0\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u9060\u9060\u4e0d\u6b62\u65bc\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u559c\u6085\u548c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5831\u916c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u8457\u8ff7\u3001\u4ee4\u4eba\u6fc0\u52d5\u3001\u767c\u4eba\u6df1\u7701\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u548c\u8ff7\u4eba\u7684\u7f8e\u5b78\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u65bc\u5176\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5167\u6db5\u548c\u5167\u5728\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u9b45\u529b\u3002\u6df7\u6c8c\u7406\u8ad6(\u5373\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u7406\u8ad6, \u5982\u5927\u7206\u70b8\u7406\u8ad6)\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u6df7\u6c8c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u5341\u5206\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5dee\u7570, \u7d93\u904e\u7d2f\u52ab, \u6703\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u7522\u751f\u5177\u6975\u5927\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u7ce2\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong>\u8a31\u591a\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8aaa \u63cf\u5beb\u5982\u679c\u7136\u4eba\u985e\u4eba\u80fd\u9020\u4e00\u67b6 \u201c\u6642\u5149\u5100\u5668\u201d \u4f7f\u6642\u5149\u5012\u6d41, \u56de\u5230\u904e\u53bb. \u5c0d\u904e\u53bb\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u6539\u8b8a(\u8b6c\u5982\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6c7a\u5b9a \u6216\u8005\u6bba\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7956\u7236) \u5c31\u6703\u7522\u751f\u8ddf\u73fe\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73fe\u5728\u53ca\u5c07\u4f86. \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u3002[\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u8cfd\u65af(Seth)\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u88e1\u6240\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u7531\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u96a8\u6642\u90fd\u5728\u4f5c\u6c7a\u5b9a, \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f8c\u679c. \u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u7121\u9650\u591a\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u4e16\u754c, \u540c\u6642\u5728\u9032\u884c, \u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u201d]<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53c8\u5982\u679c\u4f5b\u6559\u88e1\u7684\u56e0\u7de3\u679c\u5831: \u300c\u6b32\u77e5\u524d\u4e16\u56e0\uff0c\u4eca\u751f\u53d7\u8005\u662f\uff1b\u6b32\u77e5\u4f86\u4e16\u679c\uff0c\u4eca\u751f\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u3002\u300d\u904e\u53bb\u7a2e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56e0, \u73fe\u5728\u5c31\u6536\u4ec0\u9ebc\u679c. \u73fe\u5728\u9020\u4ec0\u9ebc\u56e0, \u5c07\u4f86\u5c31\u6703\u6536\u4ec0\u9ebc\u679c. \u4f9d\u6b64\u9748\u754c\u771f\u7406, \u4e16\u4e0a\u4e00\u5207\u4eba\u4e8b\u7269, \u96a8\u6642(\u524e\u90a3\u9593)\u90fd\u5728\u5275\u65b0. \u6b64\u6642\u6b64\u523b\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u6539\u8b8a (\u9019\u5305\u62ec\u6709\u5f62\u53ca\u7121\u5f62: \u884c\u52d5\u53ca\u8d77\u5fc3\u52d5\u5ff5), \u53ef\u6539\u8b8a\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u904b(\u5225\u696d) \u53ca\u5468\u906d\u7684\u74b0\u5883(\u5171\u696d)\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7b97\u547d\u5b78\u5bb6\u53ef\u4f9d\u6211\u5011\u7d2f\u4e16\u56e0\u7de3, \u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u6b64\u523b\u7684\u547d\u904b. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u70ba, \u53ea\u6709\u5fae\u5c0f\u8b8a\u52d5. \u4ed6\u53ef\u76f8\u7576\u6e96\u78ba\u9810\u6e2c\u6211\u5011\u4eca\u751f,\u4f86\u4e16\u7684\u547d\u904b. \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4fd7\u8a9e\u8aaa\u7684 \u201c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u547d, \u534a\u9ede\u4e0d\u7531\u4eba\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u50c5\u7ba1\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u547d\u904b\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u8b8a, \u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u6b64\u523b\u8d77, \u4f5c\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u8b8a\u5316 (\u5982\u6539\u8b8a\u884c\u70ba\u53ca\u7fd2\u6027 – \u4fee\u83e9\u85a9\u884c) \u6539\u8b8a\u8d8a\u5927, \u5f71\u97ff\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927. \u5c0f\u5230\u53ef\u6539\u8b8a\u4f86\u751f\u7684\u547d\u904b, \u5927\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u5f9e\u6b64\u4ee5\u5f8c(\u5373\u5e7e\u5e74\u5f8c\u6216\u4eca\u751f)\u7684\u547d\u904b, \u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8b02 \u201c\u547d\u7531\u5df1\u4f5c \u76f8\u7531\u5fc3\u751f\u201d\u3002 \u547d\u904b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64, \u83ab\u4ee5\u5584\u5c0f\u800c\u4e0d\u70ba, \u83ab\u4ee5\u60e1\u5c0f\u800c\u70ba\u4e4b. \u8af8\u60e1\u83ab\u4f5c, \u8af8\u5584\u5949\u884c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

D. \u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u6848\u4f8b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2003\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u767c\u73fe\u4e00\u5b97\u7591\u4f3c\u760b\u725b\u75c5\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u7d66\u525b\u525b\u8907\u8607\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5e36\u4f86\u4e00\u5834\u7834\u58de\u6027\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u98b6\u98a8\u3002\u6247\u52d5\u201c\u8774\u8776\u7fc5\u8180\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u90a3\u982d\u5012\u9709\u7684\u201c\u760b\u725b\u201d\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u885d\u64ca\u7684\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u7e3d\u7522\u503c\u9ad8\u90541750\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u725b\u8089\u7522\u696d\u548c140\u842c\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5d17\u4f4d\uff1b\u800c\u4f5c\u70ba\u990a\u725b\u696d\u4e3b\u8981\u98fc\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7389\u7c73\u548c\u5927\u8c46\u696d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6ce2\u53ca\uff0c\u5176\u671f\u8ca8\u50f9\u683c\u5448\u73fe\u4e0b\u964d\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u7d42\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u703e\uff0c\u5c07\u201c\u760b\u725b\u75c5\u98b6\u98a8\u201d\u640d\u5931\u767c\u63ee\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u5c0d\u725b\u8089\u7522\u54c1\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6050\u614c\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e0d\u50c5\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5167\u9910\u98f2\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u856d\u689d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u81f3\u5c1111\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5ba3\u4f48\u7dca\u6025\u7981\u6b62\u7f8e\u570b\u725b\u8089\u9032\u53e3\uff0c\u9023\u9060\u5728\u5927\u6d0b\u5f7c\u5cb8\u4e2d\u570b\u5ee3\u6771\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u90fd\u5c0d\u897f\u5f0f\u9910\u98f2\u656c\u800c\u9060\u4e4b\u3002\u9019\u8b93\u4eba\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u6642\u4e0b\u7684\u79bd\u6d41\u611f\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5728\u500b\u5225\u570b\u5bb6\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u79bd\u6d41\u611f\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u6ce2\u53ca\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u73fe\u79bd\u6d41\u611f\u7684\u5730\u5340\u6216\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u4e5f\u6703\u201c\u8ac7\u96de\u8272\u8b8a\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u518d\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u60f3\u50cf\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u62bd\u7159\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u95dc\u4fc2\u55ce\uff1f\u5047\u8a2d\u7f8e\u570b\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u62bd\u7159\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u628a\u6c92\u7184\u6ec5\u7684\u7159\u982d\u6254\u5728\u4e86\u5e8a\u908a\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u51fa\u9580\u4e0a\u73ed\u4e86\uff0c\u5927\u7d0420\u5206\u9418\u5f8c\uff0c\u7159\u982d\u6162\u6162\u5f15\u71c3\u5e8a\u55ae\uff0c\u706b\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u5de6 \u9130\u53f3\u820d\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u7164\u6c23\u7f50\u7684\u9023\u74b0\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u9019\u6642\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u5c0d\u201c\u6050\u6016\u8972\u64ca\u201d\u81bd\u6230\u5fc3\u9a5a\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8087\u4e8b\u8005 (\u6254\u7159\u982d\u7684\u4eba) \u537b\u5fd8\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u66fe\u6254\u904e\u7159\u982d\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u6642\u7121\u6cd5\u67e5\u660e\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u60c5 \u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u66ab\u6642\u88ab\u5b9a\u70ba\u201c\u6050\u6016\u8972\u64ca\u201d\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u9a5a\u6050\u842c\u72c0\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u7d1b\u7d1b\u62cb\u552e\u80a1\u7968\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u80a1\u5e02\u5927\u8dcc\u3002\u4eba\u5011\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u9020\u6210\u7f8e\u5143\u8cb6\u503c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u8cb6\u503c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee5\u7f8e\u5143\u6a19\u50f9\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u6027\u539f\u6750\u6599\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u63da\uff0c\u76ef\u4f4f\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5e63\u50f9\u683c\u4e5f\u76f8\u61c9\u4e0a\u63da\u3002\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4ee5\u539f\u6750\u6599\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u62c9\u52d5\u578b\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a87\u5f35\uff0c\u70ba\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u67d0\u7a2e\u7d93\u6fdf\u73fe\u8c61\u6642\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7121\u6cd5\u5f9e\u5e38\u898f\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u8003\u616e\u90a3\u4e9b\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u7121\u95dc\u7dca\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u56e0\u7d20\u592a\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u592a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u7e3d\u662f\u96e3\u4ee5\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u9810\u6e2c\u5177\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6578\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9810\u6e2c\u6027\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u8b8a\u5316\u591a\u7aef\u800c\u8c50\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/strong>
\u8774\u8776\u6247\u52d5\u7fc5\u8180\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u9f8d\u5377\u98a8\uff0c\u90a3\u9084\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5462\uff1f\u201c\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u201d\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u6700\u5927\u7684\u555f\u793a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

E. \u8774\u8776\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u542b\u7fa9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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